Magnetism, Nanosized Magnetic Materials (2002).part1.rar

[size=120%]Magnetism , Nanosized Magnetic Materials (Magnetism: Molecules to Materials)
By Joel S. Miller, Marc Drillon

Publisher: Wiley-VCH Number Of Pages: 403 Publication Date: 2002-01-28 ISBN-10 / ASIN: 3527303022 ISBN-13 / EAN: 9783527303021
• Binding: Hardcover

Product Description:
Magnetic behaviour, once thought to be mature, has gained a new momentum as it is being expanded by contributions from molecular chemistry, materials sciences to solid state physics. The spectrum spans molecule-based - organic, inorganic, and hybrid - compounds, metallic materials as well as their oxides forming, for example, thin films, nanoparticles, nanowires. New phenomena are explored that open promising perspectives for commercially applied "smart" materials.
As a depository of contemporary knowledge on key topics related to magnetism, this open series of volumes provides a much-needed comprehensive overview of this growing interdisciplinary field. The topical reviews are written by the foremost scientists in the area, and the trends and recent advances are explained in a clear and detailed manner with a focus on the correlations between electronic structure and magnetic properties. The balance between theory and experiment within this series will guide advanced students and specialists in evaluating experimental observations and will serve as a basis for the design of new magnetic materials. This is a unique reference work, indispensable for everyone concerned with the phenomena of magnetism!

Contents
1 Nanosized Magnetic Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2.1 Inert Gas Condensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.2 Water-in-oil Microemulsion Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.3 Organic/Polymeric Precursor Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2.4 Sonochemical Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.2.5 Hydrothermal Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2.6 Pyrolysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.2.7 Arc Discharge Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.2.8 Electrodeposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.2.9 Mechanical Alloying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.10 Matrix-mediated Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3 Structure-Property Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.3.1 Quantum Tunneling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.3.2 Anisotropy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.3.3 Analytical Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.4 Theory and Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.4.1 Single-domain Particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.4.2 Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.5 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
1.5.1 Magneto-optical Recording . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
1.5.2 Magnetic Sensors and Giant Magnetoresistance . . . . . . . . 25
1.5.3 High-density Magnetic Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.5.4 Optically Transparent Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.5.5 Soft Ferrites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1.5.6 Nanocomposite Magnets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1.5.7 Magnetic Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1.5.8 High-TC Superconductor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1.5.9 Ferrofluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1.5.10 Biological Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Magnetism: Molecules to Materials III. Edited by J.S. Miller and M. Drillon
c
ISBNs: 3-527-30302-2 (Hardback); 3-527-60014-0 (Electronic)
Copyright  2002Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
VIII Contents
2 Magnetism and Magnetotransport Properties of
Transition Metal Zintl Isotypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.2 Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.3 Magnetism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.3.1 Alkaline Earth Compounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.3.2 High-temperature Paramagnetic Susceptibility . . . . . . . . 43
2.3.3 Ytterbium Compounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
2.3.4 Europium Compounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
2.4 Heat Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
2.5 Magnetotransport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
2.5.1 Alkaline Earth and Ytterbium Compounds . . . . . . . . . . 54
2.5.2 Resistivity and Magnetoresistance of the
Europium Compounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
2.5.3 Comparison with other Magnetoresistive Materials . . . . . . 60
2.6 Summary and Outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3 Magnetic Properties of Large Clusters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3.2 Calculation of the Energy Levels
and Experimental Confirmations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
3.2.1 Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
3.2.2 Inelastic Neutron Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
3.2.3 Polarized Neutron Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
3.2.4 High-field Magnetization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
3.3 Magnetic Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
3.3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
3.3.2 AC Susceptibility Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.3.3 Cantilever Magnetometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
3.3.4 MicroSQUID Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
3.4 Magnetic Resonance Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
3.4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
3.4.2 HF-EPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
3.4.3 Zero-fieldEPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
3.4.4 Low-frequency EPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
3.4.5 NMR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
3.4.6 μSR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
3.5 Control of the Nature of the Ground State and of the Anisotropy . . 97
3.6 Fe8 – A Case History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
3.7 Conclusions and Outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Contents IX
4 Quantum Tunneling of Magnetization in Molecular Complexes
with Large Spins – Effect of the Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
4.2 Mn12-acetate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
4.2.1 Experimental Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
4.2.2 Basic Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
4.3 Fe8 Octanuclear Iron(III) Complexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
4.3.1 Experimental Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
4.3.2 Basic Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
4.4 Environmental Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
4.4.1 Experimental Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
4.4.2 Thermally Assisted Tunneling Regime . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
4.4.3 Ground-state Tunneling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
5 Studies of Quantum Relaxation and Quantum Coherence in
Molecular Magnets by Means of Specific Heat Measurements . . . . . . . 169
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
5.2 Experimental Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
5.3 Theoretical Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
5.3.1 Spin-Hamiltonian for Molecular Magnets –
Field-dependent Quantum Tunneling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
5.3.2 Resonant Tunneling via Thermally Activated States . . . . . 178
5.3.3 Master Equation – Calculation of  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
5.3.4 Calculation of Time-dependent Specific Heat
and Susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
5.4 Experimental Results and Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
5.4.1 Superparamagnetic Blocking in Zero Applied Field . . . . . 187
5.4.2 Phonon-assisted Quantum Tunneling in Parallel Fields . . . . 190
5.4.3 Phonon-assisted Quantum Tunneling in
Perpendicular Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
5.4.4 Time-dependent Nuclear Specific Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
5.4.5 Detection of the Tunnel Splitting for
High Transverse Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
5.5 Effect of Decoherence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
5.6 Incoherent Tunneling and QC in Molecules
with Half-integer Spin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
5.7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
6 Self-organized Clusters and Nanosize Islands on Metal Surfaces . . . . . . 211
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
6.2 First Stage of Growth Kinetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
6.2.1 Island Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
6.2.2 Island Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
6.3 Growth Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
X Contents
6.3.1 Thermodynamic Growth Criterion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
6.3.2 Microscopic Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
6.3.3 Elastic and Structural Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
6.4 Organized Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
6.4.1 Incommensurate Modulated Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
6.4.2 Atomic-scale Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
6.4.3 Self Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
6.4.4 Periodic Patterning by Stress Relaxation . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
6.4.5 Organization on Vicinal Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
6.4.6 Low-temperature Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
6.5 Magnetic Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
6.5.1 Magnetism in Low-dimensional Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
6.5.2 Anisotropy in Ferromagnetic Nanostructures . . . . . . . . . 230
6.5.3 Magnetic Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
6.5.4 Superparamagnetism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
6.5.5 Dimensionality and Critical Phenomena . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
6.6 Magnetic Nanostructures – Experimental Results . . . . . . . . . . . 234
6.6.1 Isolated Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
6.6.2 Interacting Islands and Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
6.6.3 The 2D Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
6.7 Conclusion and Outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
7 Spin Electronics – An Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
7.2 The Technical Basis of Spin Electronics –
The Two-spin Channel Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
7.2.1 2.1 Spin Asymmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
7.2.2 Spin Injection Across an Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
7.2.3 The Role of Impurities in Spin Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . 256
7.3 Two Terminal Spin Electronics –
Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
7.3.1 The Analogy with Polarized Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
7.3.2 CIP and CPP GMR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
7.3.3 Comparative Length Scales of CIP and CPP GMR . . . . . . 260
7.3.4 Inverse GMR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
7.3.5 Methods of Achieving Differential Switching of
Magnetization – RKKY Coupling Compared with
Exchange Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
7.3.6 GMR in Nanowires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
7.4 Three-terminal Spin Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
7.5 Mesomagnetism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
7.5.1 Giant Thermal Magnetoresistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
7.5.2 The Domain Wall in Spin Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
7.6 Spin Tunneling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
7.6.1 Theoretical Description of Spin Tunneling . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Contents XI
7.6.2 Applications of Spin Tunneling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
7.7 Hybrid Spin Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
7.7.1 The Monsma Transistor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
7.7.2 Spin Transport in Semiconductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
7.7.3 The SPICE Transistor [55, 56] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
7.7.4 Measuring Spin Decoherence in Semiconductors . . . . . . . 275
7.7.5 Methods of Increasing Direct Spin-injection Efficiency . . . . 277
7.8 Novel Spin Transistor Geometries – Materials and
Construction Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
7.9 The Rashba effect and the Spin FET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
7.9.1 The Rashba Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
7.9.2 The Datta–Das Transistor or Spin FET [68] . . . . . . . . . . 280
7.10 Methods for Measuring Spin Asymmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
7.10.1 Ferromagnetic Single-electron Transistors (FSETs) . . . . . . 281
7.10.2 Spin Blockade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
7.11 Unusual Ventures in Spin Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
7.12 The Future of Spin Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
7.12.1 Fast Magnetic Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
7.12.2 Optically Pumped Magnetic Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
7.12.3 Spin Diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
7.12.4 Spin Split Insulator as a Polarizing Injector –
Application to Semiconductor Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
7.12.5 Novel Fast-switching MRAM Storage Element . . . . . . . . 288
7.12.6 Quantum-coherent Spin Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
7.12.7 The Tunnel-grid Spin-triode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
7.12.8 Multilayer Quantum Interference Spin-stacks . . . . . . . . . 291
7.12.9 Multilayer Tunnel MRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
7.12.10 Quantum Information Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
8 NMR of Nanosized Magnetic Systems, Ultrathin Films,
and Granular Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
8.2 Local Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
8.2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
8.2.2 Local Atomic Configuration and Resonance Frequency . . . 299
8.2.3 A Typical Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
8.2.4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
8.3 Magnetization and Magnetic Anisotropy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
8.3.1 Principles – Hyperfine Field in Ferromagnets . . . . . . . . . 303
8.3.2 Local Magnetization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
8.3.3 Local Anisotropy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
8.4 Magnetic Stiffness – Anisotropy, Coercivity, and Coupling . . . . . . 311
8.4.1 Principles – NMR in Ferromagnets, Restoring Field,
and Enhancement Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
8.4.2 Local Magnetic Stiffness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
XII Contents
8.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
9 Interlayer Exchange Interactions in Magnetic Multilayers . . . . . . . . . 329
9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
9.2 Survey of Experimental Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
9.3 Survey of Theoretical Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
9.3.1 RKKY Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
9.3.2 Quantum Well Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
9.3.3 sd-Mixing Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
9.3.4 Unified Picture in Terms of Quantum Interferences . . . . . . 334
9.3.5 First-principles Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
9.4 Quantum Confinement Theory of Interlayer Exchange Coupling . . 334
9.4.1 Elementary Discussion of Quantum Confinement . . . . . . 335
9.4.2 Interlayer Exchange Coupling Because of
Quantum Interferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
9.5 Asymptotic Behavior for Large Spacer Thicknesses . . . . . . . . . . 342
9.6 Effect of Magnetic Layer Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
9.7 Effect of Overlayer Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
9.8 Strength and Phase of Interlayer Exchange Coupling . . . . . . . . . 346
9.8.1 Co/Cu(001)/Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
9.8.2 Fe/Au(001/Fe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
9.9 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
10 Magnetization Dynamics on the Femtosecond Time-scale
in Metallic Ferromagnets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
10.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
10.2 Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
10.2.1 Heating Metals with Ultrashort Laser Pulses . . . . . . . . . 358
10.2.2 Three-temperature Model of Ferromagnets . . . . . . . . . . 360
10.2.3 Model of Spin Dephasing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
10.3 Magneto-optical Response and Measurement Techniques . . . . . . 364
10.3.1 Magneto-optical Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
10.3.2 Time-resolved magneto-optical techniques . . . . . . . . . . . 367
10.4 Experimental Studies – Electron and Spin Dynamics
in Ferromagnets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
10.4.1 Electron Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
10.4.2 Demagnetization Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
10.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Subject Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385

Magnetism, Nanosized Magnetic Materials (2002).part1

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[ 本帖最后由 drjiachen 于 2008-12-25 21:28 编辑 ]

Magnetism, Nanosized Magnetic Materials (2002).part2.rar

这种类型的书好像很少啊，下来看看先

haohaohaohaohaohaohaohao

:11bb :27bb :29bb :30bb

thank you for the job

好书这么多，楼主在哪弄的啊？！！！:11bb

好書趕快下載哦
感謝樓主分享....

稀有的书籍     楼主兴趣真广泛啊

:30bb :30bb :30bb :30bb

thansk..................

:27bb 3# drjiachen

寻找了好久的一本书

thanks............................

好书呀:45bb

终于等到能发贴了

{:7_1234:}

Many thanks!

谢谢 楼主了

电磁学真是博大精深，终生学习方能有所收获

材料方面的书，呵呵

先收了看看   谢谢

网络怎么了？咋就刷新不了页面？

顶

good a otu

GOOD~~

这方面的资料很珍贵，谢谢楼主

thanks